Drug encyclopedia

CANNABIS SATIVA (CANNABIS) – everywhere widespread wild-growing hemp, for a long time, thanks to the psychoawake properties, used for treatment, and also for achievement of the special ecstatic state as ejforigen th and hallucinogenic agent.

The term “marihuana” descends from the Portuguese word mariguango which is translated as “exciting”. Both marihuana, and hashish descend from cannabis a sativa. Marihuana is a top of a plant with leaves. Hashish is made of a dust of pitch which is excreted with a cannabis plant for protection against the sun, heat and for fluid level maintenance. The plants growing in a warm climate, excrete more pitches which is a strong psychoawake agent.

In hand-written sources of XV century it is underlined utilisation in the Chinese pharmacopoeia of pitch of cannabis as anaesthetic. In the medical and cult purposes it applied in India, then in the countries of Middle East and the North Africa. The term assassin is brought to Europe by crusaders from the Arabian countries of XI century: this material was used in sects at fulfilment of ceremonies. In Europe and the USA cannabis becomes popular from a XIX-th century as a medicinal and psychoawake agent. About it write and study its influence on a human body. In the USA till 1942 drugs from a hemp have been permitted for the use as medical products, entered into pharmacopoeia of the USA and were on sale in drugstores as agents of a wide profile.

The extremity XIX and the beginning of XX centuries are characterised by growth of popularity of marihuana and substantial growth of its sale. Struggle at the governmental level is conducted since 1930 when federal members of the USA on struggle against spread of drug addiction have achieved an adoption of law forbidding not only cultivation of a hemp and free sale, but also the use of drugs made of it. Many states sustain this law. However, despite statements of administrative members, scientific institutes and the organisations which have saved up of enough facts of negative medical and social influence of a narcotic, in a society long time was conserved resistant opinion on safety of utilisation of marihuana and absence of habituation. Marihuana excrete in a class of “light” narcotics, unlike “serious” (heroin). In public consciousness the opinion on marihuana utilisation as socially comprehensible fact hardens. Ignoring of health hazard and absence of an interdiction for actual popularisation of smoking of marihuana in film- and a video production have led to ubiquitous diffusion of marihuana among the American teenagers, including educational institutions of a various rank. Dynamics of the use of marihuana in youth medium in the USA shows the peak having for 1960-1970
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The next years the attitude of a society to this problem has radically variated, the myth about its harmlessness has dissipated also the majority of explorers has affirmed as opinion that marihuana though shows lower tendency to mental and physical dependence, nevertheless can invoke narcotic predilection and have harmful influence on mental, emotional and physical functions of an organism. As a result of joint efforts various state and public organisations on struggle against diffusion of marihuana in 1975-1993 some depression of its use among students of higher educational institutions is noted. At the same time it remains to one of most often used narcotics youth of the USA. Discussion about legalisation of drugs from cannabis for the purpose of utilisation in medicine as medical products and as a “light” narcotic for narcomaniacs proceeds, despite gravity of put forward argument about presence of danger of transferring to other, “serious” narcotics, heroin or cocaine.

Till 1992 in the USA marihuana has been seated in the List № 2 that meant possibility of circumscribed utilisation in the medical purposes (basically, sick of AIDS, oncologic diseases and a glaucoma). But since 1992 only the basic psychoawake ingredient of marihuana: the THC legally effected in the USA, is permitted in some countries (the USA and Germany) to utilisation in medicine under the control and basically for treatment of a glaucoma and a toxicosis of the cancer patients who have passed a course of chemiotherapy. In the Netherlands and Spain cultivation of a small amount of a hemp and its utilisation for own needs is not pursued by the law. Now cannabis, its drugs and all isomers a THC are included into the List of №1 Conventions of the United Nations and the List corresponding to it №1 Standing committees on narcotics of the Russian Federation that forbids utilisation in any, including the medical purposes.

In the American market of the best marihuana from Mexico and Vietnam is considered. Also hemp from Middle East is highly appreciated, but it not so is easily accessible.

It is impossible to define, what goods are bought, preliminarily it without having tested, as the majority of kinds of a hemp are similar against each other and smell equally, irrespective of force of influence.