Types of cannabis
In stem Cannabis excrete three kinds: a hemp Indian, a hemp a sowing campaign and a hemp weedy. The two first kind are used by mankind since the most ancient times as alimentary, industrial and medical plants, and also as fuel and as an intoxicating agent.
Hemp Indian (cannabis indica) – the kind of a hemp for the first time described in 1783 of Z.Lamarkom. A plant rather low (to 1,5) with very wide leaves of aeruginous colour, sometimes with reddish streaks; forms a pyramidal crone. Racemes (”Cone”) large, appreciable have emitted, sticky to the touch. Seeds also are larger, than at a sowing campaign hemp, more roundish, sometimes with a mosaic drawing.
Hemp Indian – a plant of a hot climate and concerning short light day. Contrary to the name, it is most propagated not in India, and in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and the Pakistan type often has no characteristic wide leaves.
The hemp Indian contains a considerable quantity a THC, on psychotropic effect – an indika. It is cultivated for effecting of psychotropic drugs: marihuana, hashish and their derivatives. Cultivation of a hemp Indian is forbidden by the legislation of the majority of the countries of the world.
Hemp a sowing campaign (cannabis sativa) – a hemp kind. The plant high (to 4), with narrow leaves, has a thick and rigid central caulis of round or tetrahedral section, in a mature state with a lumen inside. Racemes small, is moderate-sticky in a mature state. It is cultivated as an industrial crop. In Russia 3 ecological bunches of a hemp of a sowing campaign are excreted: northern, Central Russian and southern. In practice the last are cultivated 2 bunches which differ on series of signs.
Central Russian has a growing season till 120 days, height of a caulis to 2 m, leaves of centre size with 5-7 lobes, seeds light grey, the mass of 1000 pieces till 18 Southern (more valuable and long-fibred) has a growing season till 160 days, height of a caulis about 3 m, leaves large from 9-13 lobes, seeds grey and dark grey, is frequent with a mosaic, mass of 1000 pieces till 25
Racemes and leaves of a hemp of a sowing campaign contain psychotropic materials in the quantity varied from insignificant to rather essential, and concentration a THC in southern bunch of plants considerably above, than in the northern. In Central America and on the Caribbean islands kinds of a hemp of a sowing campaign with a high lobe a THC are bred. Effect from the use of kinds – a sativa or a sativo-indika.
Cultivation of a hemp of a sowing campaign is in the majority of the countries of the world under the state control, and in some countries it is forbidden by the law.
Hemp weedy (cannabis ruderalis) – the kind of a hemp for the first time described in 1924 of D.E.Janishevskim. A plant low (to 60 sm), with small thin leaves and a thin central caulis. Matures very quickly (sometimes to the middle of July). Foetuses small, mramorno-brown, easily sloughing. Grows in steppes of Southern Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan, since 1960th years has started to inpour into the European part of Russia and to Ukraine. The possible general ancestor of a hemp Indian and a sowing campaign hemp. It is not used for fiber and oil effecting, it is sometimes applied to manufacturing of psychotropic products (marihuana, a cannabis honey, an extract milk, an extract oil). On effect – a pure sativa.
The content a THC in racemes and leaves of a hemp weedy fluctuates depending on soil and weather conditions. The plant does not represent danger to the basic crops, however can pollinate cultural kinds of a hemp, worsening their quality.
On mental influence, the hemp is sectioned into an indika and a sativa:
Indika - a complex of features of psychotropic influence of the hemp, the most inherent to a hemp Indian. By “indika” mean ability of drugs of a hemp to have abirritating physiological an effect with distinctly expressed analgetic and sedative effects. Pure “indika” in the nature meets seldom, mainly at express cultivars. The majority of kinds of a psychotropic hemp is combined by complexes “indika” and “sativa” in various proportions which are defined by an empirical path at degustation.
Sativa - a complex of features of the psychotropic influence, the most inherent to a sowing campaign hemp. By “sativa” mean ability of drugs of a hemp to have psychogogic and cerebral an effect. Pure “sativa” in the nature meets seldom, mainly at express cultivars. The majority of kinds of a psychotropic hemp is combined by complexes “sativa” and “indika” in various proportions which are defined by an empirical path at degustation.